STUDENT RESOURCES

Citation Resources:

Please feel free to review the following websites which provides examples of how you should cite your sources when completing your homework assignments:

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/




Essay Questions:

Group Presentation/Essay Questions:

1. Outline the nine steps of scientific research presented in your text as research methods of social

science. What is the purpose of these methods?

2. Albert Einstein said that, "Theories should be as simple as possible, but not more so." Why and how

is this important in understanding social science methods and the whole purpose of social science?

3. What is Darwin's theory of evolution and how does it apply to human evolution? What is natural

selection?

4. How was the domestication of plants and animals important in changing human societies?

5. Why were Egypt and Mesopotamia important in the development of early civilization? Why these

regions are called the cradle of modern civilization?

6. Describe and discuss the major social, political and economic developments of the Middle Ages. Why

were the church, serfs, merchants, nobles and monarchs important?

7. How and why were the Age of Revolutions and the Industrial Revolution related?

8. How do social scientists define social problems? What are the reasons why some problems are called

social problems? State two examples of major social problems

9. What is the meaning of cultural relativism? How is cultural relativism related to ethnocentrism?

Which view do social scientists tend to take?

10. What is geography? What questions does geography consider?

11. What is demography? What key factors determine the population of any country?

12. Compare and contrast the theories of Thomas Robert Malthus and Julian Simon.

13. How do geography, demography and environment interact? What is the importance of the ecological

balance, pollution, and conservation?

14. What were the social and economic effects of standardization, interchangeability and mass

production?

15. How is modern technology related to the need for skilled and unskilled workers? Do machines cause

a decline in total employment?

16. How does technology influence social change? Why and how are class systems related to technology?

17. Answer and explain why the following question is important: What is the greater determinant of

human behavior: nature or nurture?

18. How and why are the cognitive, psychoanalytic, behavioralist and humanist explanations of human

behavior different? Give specific examples of a famous researcher for all of these approaches except

cognitive.

19. What is intelligence? How have psychologists tested for intelligence? Why did the book titled The

Bell Curve cause a controversy among social scientists?

20. How do sociological explanations of deviance differ from psychological and biological explanations

of deviance? Compare and contrast specific theories from each perspective.

21. What are the functions of the family? How are the functions of the family related to variations of

family patterns?

22. Why and how is technology important in causing the family to be a social institution in transition?

What is the future of the family?

23. What is the nature of religion? What role has religion played in the development of human societies?

24. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of religion as an institution. What functions does it serve?

What harm can religion bring?

25. What is the nature and influence of Islam on the world today? How important are Islamic sects and

Islamic fundamentalism?

26. What are the central beliefs of two of the five major religions of the world?

27. There are four reasons why education serves as a fundamental building block of U.S. democracy.

Identify and describe two of them.

28. What are the reasons why the U.S. educational system is not equal? In what ways is the U.S.

educational system unequal?

29. As it relates to public school systems, what is meant by "5-3-4-4", which was common for most

communities in the early 2000s?

30. What are the three major types of social stratification? How do these three types differ from one

another?

31. How is globalization related to social mobility in the United States?

32. What are the causes of income inequality? How is poverty measured by social scientists?

33. What is class consciousness? Describe factors that explain why Americans are not overly class

conscious?

34. What are the causes of racial and ethnic prejudice and discrimination? What is the difference between

prejudice and discrimination?

35. What is meant by reparations? Who would benefit if reparations were granted? Note one argument

for and one argument against such an action.

36. What is the cultural history of Hispanics in the U.S.? Discuss the experiences of Chicanos and Latinos

in the U.S.

37. What is the history of prejudice and discrimination in the U.S. toward religious minorities? What is

the experience of Jewish and Muslim minority groups?

38. What are the major problems women have experienced as a minority in the U.S.? Discuss the history

of the women’s movement and gender discrimination in the workplace.

39. What are the primary functions of government? How do these functions help in better understanding

what government is?

40. What is the democratic concept of an individual and why is it important in government? What is the

role of the individual in a democratic government? How does the individual relate to the basic

characteristics of a democracy?

41. What are some of the justifications given for an autocracy? Why does classifying a country’s

government as autocratic not automatically mean a bad thing?

42. What are four major lessons about governments? How are these lessons evident in the history or

contemporary organization of specific governments today?

43. What are the key features of the government of Mexico? How and why are revolutions and

constitutions important in Mexican history? What is the current situation in Mexican politics?

44. What is the historical development of the U.S. government? Why was compromise important in the

writing of the U.S. Constitution?

45. What is the structure of the U.S. government as established by the Constitution? Why is the U.S.

government both a democracy and a republic?

46. What are an individual’s inalienable rights? Why are rights never absolute? Why does the right to

freedoms involve the duty of respecting the freedoms of others?

47. What are the major transitions in the history of Western economic systems? What have all modern

economic systems evolved into today?

48. What is a planned economy? What is an unplanned economy? How and why are planned and

unplanned economies different? How do planned and unplanned economies work?

49. How does a market economy work? What is the role of government in market economies? Why are

the principles of supply and demand important?

50. What is the fiscal crisis facing the United States? What will the government have to do to solve it?

Describe how the phrase “no free lunch” applies to the possible solutions of our fiscal crisis.

51. How is global warming an economic issue? What are economic answers to the problem of global

warming and what are criticisms of our current solution? Why must solutions to global warming occur at

a global level?

52. What does the term state mean in international relations? What are the characteristics of a state? Why

and how have nation-states been important in the history of international relations?

53. What is the nature of national power? What are the sources of national power? How and why is

national power limited? What recent examples show how the will of the United States is limited by social

and cultural conventions?

54. In the world community how do sovereign states maintain their security? What are the differences

between the balance of power and the theory of complex interdependence?

55. What is a developing country? What are the differences between a developed and developing

country?

56. What six problems that face all developing countries? Which problem is most important? Why and

how are these six problems interrelated?

57. What is the role of the United Nations in international relations? How is the UN organized? How

successful has the UN been in keeping the peace? What are the limitations on the UN’s ability to maintain

peace?

58. What are the major trouble spots of the world today? What threatens stability in these areas?

Study Terms

Social Science Scientific knowledge Natural/biological sciences The Humanities Anthropology Sociology Geography History Economics Political science Psychology Scientific method Paradigm Historical method Interdisciplinary approach Evolution Natural selection Code of Hammurabi Polis Feudalism Crusades Nation states Mercantilism Age of revolutions Industrial Revolution World War I/World War II Culture Multiculturalism Laws Mores Social values Cultural diffusion Ethnocentrism Cultural relativism Census Malthusian theory Environment Kyoto Protocol EPA Mass production Assembly line Interchangeability Globalization Outsourced Global warming Technology Market economy Supply Demand FICA Macroeconomic role Microeconomic role Depression Keynesian view Fiscal policy Monetary policy Federal reserve bank No free lunch problem Weapons of Mass Destruction Unilateral Balance of power New world order NATO Geopolitics Ideologues Isolationism Internationalism

Nature/nurture Cognitive science Psychoanalytic approach Behavioralist  approach Humanist approach Maslow’s hierarchy Self-actualization Id Ego Oedipus complex Differential association theory Normal person Strain theory Family Types of family Monogamy Polygamy Types of marriages Patriarchy Matriarchy Latchkey children Nirvana Religion Caste system Sikhs Monotheistic religions Islam Judaism Christianity Protestant ethic Jihad Education Academic freedom Dual/unitary school systems Multiculturalism movement General Education Head start Community College Stratification Hierarchy Transmigration Apartheid system Social class Poverty threshold Class consciousness Capitalists Truman doctrine Cold war Nuclear standoff Détente Global corporations Cartel Balance of trade/payments Visible/invisible items of trade Tariff Import quota GATT WTO EU Foreign exchange Fixed/flexible exchange rates Gold standard Paper standard IMF Developing countries Least developed country

Proletariat Ethnic group Prejudice Discrimination Minority groups Dominant groups Separate but equal doctrine Defacto segregation De jure segregation Affirmative Action ERA Government Anarchy Justice USA Patriot Act Politics Political ideologies Popular sovereignty Propaganda French Revolution Bastille Day PRI Bolsheviks Coup d’état Federation Unitary government Bill of Rights Electoral College Presidential/parliamentary governments Separation of powers Enumerated power Implied powers Exclusive powers Concurrent powers Judicial review Franchise Military industrial complex PACS Soft money Mercantilist system Invisible hand Laissez faire Soviet style socialism Planned/Unplanned economy Foreign policies Political consensus Foreign aid World Bank Brain drain Cultural revolution NGO International debt Movement system Al-Qaeda Policy of preemption Mediation United Nations Zionists Axis of Evil Sanctions Resolution 242

Chapter 5  Resources:

Geography: Extra Credit Map Exercises: 5 points each extra credit for every completed map that you submit on the day of the midterm (5/29).

Click on this link to print out and complete your blank maps: http://www.eduplace.com/ss/maps/

CIA World Fact Book:  Click on this link to complete your geography homework assignment: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/



Chapter 6 Resources:

http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/items/2830.php

Demography and The Census:

image: 2010 census questionnaire
History of the US Census: http://www.census.gov/history/www/through_the_decades/overview/
America's Quick Facts: http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/

Chapter 8 Resources:

Chart of positions of US states on marriage

Alabama	Statute	"(d) No marriage license shall be issued in the State of Alabama to parties of the same sex" AND "(e) The state of Alabama shall not recognize as valid any marriage of parties of the same sex that occurred or was alleged to have occurred as a result of the law of any jurisdiction regardless of whether a marriage license was issued"; Alabama Stat. Sec. 30-1-19
Alaska	Statute and Amendment	Statute: "A same-sex relationship may not be recognized by the state as being entitled to the benefits of marriage."; Alaska Stat. 25.05.013 (b) Amendment: "To be valid or recognized in this state, a marriage may exist only between one man and one woman"; Alaska Constitution, Article 1, Sec. 25
Arizona	Statute	"Marriage between persons of the same sex is void and prohibited"; Ariz.Rev. Stat. Ann. ' 25 101
Arkansas	Statute	Marriage shall be only between a man and a woman. A marriage between persons of the same sex is void"; Ark. Stat. ' 9 11 109
California	Statute	"Only marriage between a man and a woman is valid or recognized in California"; Ca. Fam. Sec. 308.5; State Constitution similarly revised in 2008.
Colorado	Statute	"(1) ...a marriage is valid in this state if: ...(b) it is only between one man and one woman"; Co. Stat. Sec. 14 2 104
Connecticut	Court Ruling	The state's supreme court ruled in October 2008 in favor of a constitutional right to marriage for gay and lesbian couples; the state started issues marriage licenses to same-sex couples in November 2008.
Delaware	Statute	"A marriage is prohibited and void between a person and his or her ancestor, descendant, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, niece, nephew, first cousin or between persons of the same gender";Del. Stat. Title 13 ' 101
District of Columbia	City Council Legislation	In May 2009 the Council recognized marriages of same-sex couples entered into in other jurisdictions as valid in the District.
Florida	Statute	"(1) Marriages between persons of the same sex entered into in any jurisdiction, whether within or outside the State of Florida, the United States, or any other jurisdiction, either domestic or foreign, or any other place or location, or relationships between persons of the same sex which are treated as marriages in any jurisdiction, whether within or outside the State of Florida, the United States, or any other jurisdiction, either domestic or foreign, or any other place or location, are not recognized for any purpose in this state." AND "(3) For purposes of interpreting any state statute or rule, the term 'marriage' means only a legal union between one man and one woman as husband and wife, and the term 'spouse' applies only to a member of such a union"; Florida Stat. Ann. ' 741.212
Georgia	Statute	"It is declared to be the public policy of this state to recognize the union only of man and woman. Marriages between persons of the same sex are prohibited in this state"; Georgia Code ' 19 3 3.1
Hawaii	Statute and Amendment	Statute: "Marriages between a man and a woman legal in the country where contracted shall be held legal in the courts of this State"; Haw. Rev Stat. ' 572 3 Amendment: "The legislature shall have the power to reserve marriage to opposite sex couples"; Hi. Const. Art 1, ' 23
Idaho	Statute	"All marriages contracted without this state, which would be valid by the laws of the state or country in which the same were contracted, are valid in this state, unless they violate the public policy of this state. Marriages that violate the public policy of this state include, but are not limited to, same sex marriages, and marriages entered into under the laws of another state or country with the intent to evade the prohibitions of the marriage laws of this state"; Idaho Stat. ' 32 209
Illinois	Statute	"(a) The following marriages are prohibited: ...(5) a marriage between 2 individuals of the same sex"; IL. Stat. Ch. 750 ' 5/212
Indiana	Statute	"Sec. 1. (a) Only a female may marry a male. Only a male may marry a female. (b) A marriage between persons of the same gender is void in Indiana even if the marriage is lawful in the place where it is solemnized"; Ind. Code ' 31 11 1 1
Iowa	Court Ruling	In April 2009, the State Supreme Court ruled that the state constitution guarntees the right of same-sex couples to marry; the state began issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples that same month.
Kansas	Statute	"The marriage contract is to be considered in law as a civil contract between two parties who are of opposite sex. All other marriages are declared to be contrary to the public policy of this state and are void"; Kansas Stat. Ann. ' 23 101
Kentucky	Statute	"(1) Marriage is prohibited and void: ...(d) Between members of the same sex"; Ky. Stat. ' 402.020
Louisiana	Statute	"Persons of the same sex may not contract marriage with each other"; La. C.C. Art. 89. "A purported marriage between persons of the same sex violates a strong public policy of the state of Louisiana and such a marriage contracted in another state shall not be recognized in this state for any purpose, including the assertion of any right or claim as a result of the purported marriage"; La. C.C. Art. 3520
Maine	Statute	By state law, marriage licences should be issued to same-sex couples starting in September 2009.
Maryland	Statute	Both state law and the state's constitution appear to ban the recognition of same-sex marriages.
Massachusetts	Court Ruling	In Mary 2004, the Supreme Judicial Court ruled that the state's constitution guarantees the right to marry for same-sex couples; the state began issuing marriage licences to those couples that month.
Michigan	Statute	"Sec. 1. Marriage is inherently a unique relationship between a man and a woman. As a matter of public policy, this state has a special interest in encouraging, supporting, and protecting that unique relationship in order to promote, among other goals, the stability and welfare of society and its children. A marriage contracted between individuals of the same sex is invalid in this state"; Mich. St. ' 551.1
Minnesota	Statute	"Marriage, so far as its validity in law is concerned, is a civil contract between a man and a woman, to which the consent of the parties, capable in law of contracting, is essential. Lawful marriage may be contracted only between persons of the opposite sex and only when a license has been obtained as provided by law and when the marriage is contracted in the presence of two witnesses and solemnized by one authorized, or whom one or both of the parties in good faith believe to be authorized, so to do. Marriages subsequent to April 26, 1941, not so contracted shall be null and void"; Minn. Stat. Ann. ' 517.01
Mississippi	Statute	"(2) Any marriage between persons of the same gender is prohibited and null and void from the beginning. Any marriage between persons of the same gender that is valid in another jurisdiction does not constitute a legal or valid marriage in Mississippi"; Mississippi Code Ann. ' 93 1 1
Missouri	Statute	"1. It is the public policy of this state to recognize marriage only between a man and a woman"; Mo. Stat. 451.022
Montana	Statute	"(1) The following marriages are prohibited: ...(d) a marriage between persons of the same sex. (4) A contractual relationship entered into for the purpose of achieving a civil relationship that is prohibited under subsection (1) is void as against public policy."; Mont. Code Ann. ' 40 1 401
Nebraska	Statute	"Only marriage between a man and a woman shall be valid or recognized in Nebraska. The uniting of two persons of the same sex in a civil union, domestic partnership, or other similar same sex relationship shall not be valid or recognized in Nebraska"; Neb. Const. Art 1, ' 29
Nevada	Statute	"Only a marriage between a male and a female person shall be recognized and given effect in this state"; Nevada, Question No. 2
New Hampshire	Statute	The state legislature passed a law in 2007 which will enable the state to begin issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples in January 2010.
New Jersey	None	No explicit provision in state law that would prohibit the recognition of same-sex marriages in other jurisdictions. Domestic partner legislation became effective in 2007.
New Mexico	None	No explicit provision in state law that would prohibit the recognition of same-sex marriages in other jurisdictions; state employees may enter into domestic partnerships.
New York	Court Ruling	New York's Court of Appeals ruled in February 2008 that same-sex couples legally married in other jurisdictions are entitled to recognition of their marriages in New York.
North Carolina	Statute	"Marriages, whether created by common law, contracted, or performed outside of North Carolina, between individuals of the same gender are not valid in North Carolina"; N.C. Gen. Stat. ' 51 1.2
North Dakota	Statute	"Marriage is a personal relation arising out of a civil contract between one man and one woman to which the consent of the parties is essential. The marriage relation may be entered into, maintained, annulled, or dissolved only as provided by law. A spouse refers only to a person of the opposite sex who is a husband or a wife"; N.D. Stat. ' 14 03 01
Ohio	Statute	Both state law and the state's constitution appear to ban the recognition of same-sex marriages.
Oklahoma	Statute	"A marriage between persons of the same gender performed in another state shall not be recognized as valid and binding in this state as of the date of the marriage"; 43 Okl.St.Ann. ' 3.1
Oregon	Statute	Both state law and the state's constitution appear to ban the recognition of same-sex marriages.
Pennsylvania	Statute	"It is hereby declared to be the strong and longstanding public policy of this Commonwealth that marriage shall be between one man and one woman. A marriage between persons of the same sex which was entered into in another state or foreign jurisdiction, even if valid where entered into, shall be void in this Commonwealth"; Pa. Stat. 23 Pa. C.S.A. ' 1704
Rhode Island	None	No explicit provision in state law that would prohibit the recognition of same-sex marriages in other jurisdictions.
South Carolina	Statute	"A marriage between persons of the same sex is void ab initio and against the public policy of this State"; S.C. Stat. ' 20 1 15
South Dakota	Statute	"Marriage is a personal relation, between a man and a woman, arising out of a civil contract to which the consent of parties capable of making it is necessary"; S.D. Stat. ' 25 1 1
Tennessee	Statute	"(b) The legal union in matrimony of only one (1) man and one (1) woman shall be the only recognized marriage in this state. (c) Any policy, law or judicial interpretation that purports to define marriage as anything other than the historical institution and legal contract between one (1) man and one (1) woman is contrary to the public policy of Tennessee"; Tenn. Code Ann. ' 36 3 113
Texas	Statute	"(b) A marriage between persons of the same sex or a civil union is contrary to the public policy of this state and is void in this state. (c) The state or an agency or political subdivision of the state may not give effect to a: (1) public act, record, or judicial proceeding that creates, recognizes, or validates a marriage between persons of the same sex or a civil union in this state or in any other jurisdiction; or (2) right or claim to any legal protection, benefit, or responsibility asserted as a result of a marriage between persons of the same sex or a civil union in this state or in any other jurisdiction." TX Family ' 6.204
Utah	Statute	"The following marriages are prohibited and declared void: (5) between persons of the same sex"; Ut. Stat. ' 30 1 2
Virginia	Statute	"A marriage between persons of the same sex is prohibited. Any marriage entered into by persons of the same sex in another state or jurisdiction shall be void in all respects in Virginia and any contractual rights created by such marriage shall be void and unenforceable"; Va. Code ' 20 45.2
Vermont	Statute	In April 2009 the state legislature enacted, over the Governor's veto, marriage equality legislation; the state began issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples in September 2009.
Washington	Statute	"Marriage is a civil contract between a male and a female... A; Wa. Stat. 26.04.010 A(1) Marriages in the following cases are prohibited: (c) When the parties are persons other than a male and a female"; Wa. Stat. 26.04.020
West Virginia	Statute	"A public act, record or judicial proceeding of any other state, territory, possession or tribe respecting a relationship between persons of the same sex that is treated as a marriage under the laws of any other state, territory, possession or tribe or a right or claim arising from the relationship shall not be given effect by this state"; Wv. Stat. 48 1 18a
Wisconsin	Statute	Both state law and the state's constitution appear to ban the recognition of same-sex marriages.
Wyoming	Statute	Both state law and the state's constitution appear to ban the recognition of same-sex marriages.

Chapter 9 Resources:

Click here for basic information on the world's religions: http://www.religioustolerance.org/worldrel.htm

Chapter 10 Resources:

For information on Florida Schools and Colleges: http://www.fldoe.org/default.asp

Chapter 16 Resources

For more information on the economic theories discussed in the chapter, visit this website: http://www.economictheories.org/.  The right side of the page lists the theories.